Reference

Bibliography

The Independent Institute of Education. 2016. Digital Citizenship Module Manual. Johannesburg: Unpublished.

Masilo, M. 2016. Digital Citizenship-Slides. Lecturer: Unpublished. [15 August 2016]

Digiteen Wiki. [s.a.] Digital Commerce. [Online]. Available at: < http://digiteen.wikispaces.com/Digital+Commerce > [Accessed on 18 August 2016]

Gardner, H. 2016. The nine types of intelligences. Available at: < http://skyview.vansd.org/lschmidt/Projects/The%20Nine%20Types%20of%20Intelligence.htm > [Accessed on 21 September 2016]

Question 5: Digital Rights and Responsibilities

5.1A petition of these countries were digital rights are extended to the majority of the citizens.

Petition for Digital Freedom

The world is moving forward and you are standing still. Depriving people of their right to digital citizenship is unacceptable. For your nation to move forward everyone has to be on the same level of development and due to the fact that we are against development our journey downhill is due relatively soon. The petition is in place to help us ‘youth’ in making our country a better place while contributing to or riches simultaneously.

The rights and the responsibilities include:

1. The people have the right to privacy
2. The right to freedom of expression
3. The right to credit for personal work
4. The right to our identity
5. The responsibility to give credit for other peoples’ work
6. The responsibility to follow good online etiquette

5.2Creating a Digital Bill of Rights for the Internet.

Digital Bill of Rights for the Internet

1. We are all born free and equal- we all have our own thoughts and ideas.

2. Don’t discriminate- everyone has rights, regardless of our differences.

3. We have the right to live in freedom and safety.

4. Remember the Human- Never forget that the person reading your communication is actually a person with feelings and can get hurt; never say anything online that would not say to your reader’s face.

5. The right to privacy- nobody has the right to invade our personal space on the internet without our permission.

6. Freedom of thought- we have the right to believe what we want to believe in.

7. Freedom of expression- everyone has the right to make up their own minds, think what they want, and say what they think and to share their ideas with others over the internet.

8. Sharing- everyone has the right to freely share their ideas and opinions lawfully on the internet.

9. Property- digital citizens have the right to benefit from what they create, and be secure in their electoral property on the internet.

10. All digital citizens are created to have equal rights and responsibilities on the internet.

11. Make yourself look good online- check grammar and spelling before your post, as most people may judge your intelligence based on the grammar and spelling.

12. Share expert knowledge- offer answers and help others where you can.

The above answers for Question 5 number 5.2 was stated on the (Module Manual, 2016, pp.89-90)

Question 4: Digital Etiquette

4.1Online etiquette has become important part of our social and working lives. There are two (2) relevant articles on this topic below.

Digital etiquette otherwise referred to as netiquette is a basic set of rules to be implemented by Internet users in order to ensure the internet is better for all users. It basically means “the use of good manners in online communication such as email, forums, blogs, and social networking sites” (Digital Citizenship, Auburn University. [s.a.]). The word etiquette means “The forms required by good breeding or prescribed by authority in social or official life.”

First article

Penny Sparrow calls black people ‘monkeys’

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Penny Sparrow compared black people to monkeys, and questioned why they are allowed on beaches.

Penny Sparrow, a white estate agent from KwaZulu-Natal, has received criticism on social media for a post she made on Facebook. In the post, she compares black people to monkeys. She was complaining about the “monkeys who have no education” that are allowed to be released on New Year’s Eve and New Year’s Day to go on to public beaches and so “allowing them loose is inviting huge dirt and troubles and discomfort to other”.

This received criticism on Twitter, with Mmusi Maimane saying: “Penny Sparrow comments are racist. They are an insult to me and our party. We have too many of these in SA & we must criminalize these”.

Sparrow went on Facebook to apologies for her comments. She said her comments came as a reply to a statement she read about dirty beaches on New Year’s Day. She also apologized to people who have taken her statement “personally”, explaining she is not racial and in fact “helps underprivileged people of all races”.

Recommended articles to read:

http://www.citizen.co.za/927765/kzn-estate-agent-calls-black-people-monkeys/

Second article

Examples of inappropriate digital conduct

Rude or hurtful comment - If you don’t agree with someone’s ide, don’t’ type a comment. If you have to, or if they ask you to tell them what you think of it, suggest ways in which they can improve it, or say what you think of it in a polite and gentle way.

Posting without permission - Ask permission before you post things online if they aren’t yours. For example, if you want to put a picture online and your friends are in the picture, ask them if they mind.

Writing in all caps - Don’t write in all caps, because when you write in all capital letters online it is considered yelling.

Cyber-bullying - Bullying people online can really hurt their feelings and lead to low self-esteem.

Effect on society 

One of social behaviours' biggest influencer is the socio-economic environment and etiquette is societal norms. It can therefore be said that netiquette describes the rules that society dictates we implement whilst we are online.

A disregard for etiquette will affect society in such a way that our society will eventually fall into ‘chaos’. A disregard for netiquette will not have the exact same effect however; it will most definitely contribute to the downfall of a society. It is interesting to note that most people’s behaviour in the offline world is completely different from that of the online

world.

Question 3: Digital Communication

3.1How I envision the impact on the future of business and society. A post in the title of ‘The Internet of Things’.

The term Internet of Things generally refers to scenarios where network connectivity and computing capability extends to objects, sensors and everyday items not normally considered computers, allowing these devices to generate, exchange and consume data with minimal human intervention.

The Internet of Things has the potential to really shift the way we do things, think and learn (Module Manual, 2016, p.77). Is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identities and the ability to transfer data over a network in one form or the another, receiving and processing information in real time and creating new ways of making decisions back-up by the availability of information.

Internet of Things will affect future businesses in core areas such as production, advertising, sale, market research, and job market and enterprise resource management. Most of the advantages are not user targeted but with the introduction of Internet of Things, massive volume of information about the consumer lifestyle and interests can be collected. This data reveals that the hidden buying patterns of each user which provide the insight to advertisers to advertise to each and every consumer.

When coming to market research, all smart household devices are equipped with sensors, which will do the market research free of charge for the businesses. Internet of Things products will not only generate revenue for businesses but also provide insight to consumers after the sales. Internet of Things will also have an impact on the hiring processes.

This overview document is designed to help the Internet Society community to navigate the dialogue surrounding the Internet of Things in light of the competing predictions about its promises and perils. The Internet of Things engages a broad set of ideas that are complex and intertwined from different perspectives.

3.2Any four (4) of several aspects of intelligence and their explanation of the importance of these levels with regard to the business context to and the impact of technology.

Spatial Intelligence “Picture Smart”

This is the ability to recognize, use and interpret images and patterns and to reproduce objects in three (3) dimensions namely; successful architects, sculptors and designers are likely to have high spatial intelligence.

Basically, spatial intelligence is the ability to think in three dimensions. Core capacities include mental imagery, spatial reasoning, image manipulation, graphic and artistic skills, and an active imagination. Young adults with this kind of intelligence may be fascinated with spend free time drawing or daydreaming.

Interpersonal Intelligence “People Smart”

This is the ability to understand people's intentions, motivations and desires. This intelligence allows individuals to work well with others. Professions like therapy, teaching and sales attract individuals with high interpersonal intelligence.

Interpersonal intelligence is the ability to understand and interact effectively with others. It involves effective verbal and nonverbal communication, the ability to note distinctions among others, sensitivity to the moods and temperaments of others, and the ability to entertain multiple perspectives.

Teachers, social workers, actors, and politicians all exhibit interpersonal intelligence. Young adults with this kind of intelligence are leaders among their peers, are good at communicating, and seem to understand others’ feelings and motives.

Linguistic Intelligence “Word Smart”

Linguistic intelligence is the ability to think in words and to use language to express and appreciate complex meanings.  It allows us to understand the order and meaning of words and to apply meta-linguistic skills to reflect on our use of language.

Linguistic intelligence is the most widely shared human competence and is evident in poets, novelists, journalists, and effective public speakers. Young adults with this kind of intelligence enjoy writing, reading, telling stories or doing crossword puzzles. (Stated by Howard Gardner)

Logical-Mathematical Intelligence “Number/Reasoning Smart”

According to Howard Gardner it was stated that; Logical-mathematical intelligence is the ability to calculate, quantify, consider propositions and hypotheses, and carry out complete mathematical operations. It enables us to perceive relationships and connections and to use abstract, symbolic thought; sequential reasoning skills; and inductive and deductive thinking patterns.

Logical intelligence is usually well developed in mathematicians, scientists, and detectives. Young adults with lots of logical intelligence are interested in patterns, categories, and relationships. They are drawn to arithmetic problems, strategy games and experiments.

Question 2: Digital Literacy

Q.2.1 A video that addresses the concept 'digital footprint'.

Q.2.2 A post on the title 'Rape-The Cold Hard Facts'.

Ever since Interpol has named South Africa the 'rape capital of the world', it is hard to deny this fact, because every day more and more women and children are being raped in cities all over South Africa.

Solution Fluency- Thinking critically from multiple perspectives and visualizing possibilities. The Solution Fluency process involves define, discover, dream, design and debrief.

How- This process of solution fluency can help come up with a pragmatic solution to the problem of Rape Capital of the World.

Define: This is where you provide a clear and concise definition of the problem or challenge being addressed.

Rape and sexual abuse against women and children; South Africa is claimed to be the “Rape Capital of the World”. South Africa has a high rate of rape, one of the highest in the world. Statistics show that a woman is raped every 36 seconds.

Discover: Identifying what you need to know and what you need to be able to do to solve the problem.

South Africa has the highest rate of sexual abuse against women and children. As the statistics state that from the Criminal Law (Sexual offences and related matters) amended act of 2007; that South Africa is one of the country where sexual abuse actions are still common, as the country has the highest rate children and women rape in the world with more than 67 000 cases of rape and sexual assaults against children reported in 2000, with welfare groups believing that unreported incidents could be up to 10 times higher. In 2001, a nine (9) months baby was raped and likely lost consciousness as the pain was too much to bear. Another nine (9) months old baby was raped by six men, aged between 24 and 66, after the infant had been left unattended by her teenage mother. A four (4) year old girl died after being raped by her father. A 14 months old girl was raped by her two uncles. In February 2002, an eight (8) months old baby was infant reportedly gang raped by four (4) men. Lastly, it is estimated that only 14% of rape perpetrators are convicted in South Africa. This is due to the inaccessibility of services, particularly in rural areas.

Dream: This is a whole-mind process where we imagine what the solution will appear like.

The best solution would be to bring back the death penalty and apply it to these cases or perpetrators should be given a lifetime sentence. However, this can be through creating campaigns that will gather people together and try to address these problems and find ways of redressing it. Creating more awareness of this problem through Television, Radio and the Internet, where we have to broadcast the messages of the issue and ways on how we can try to solve them. It is believed that communication is the process of solving an issue.

Design: This process is to complete the visualized solution in measurable, achievable steps.

The above laws should be applied into society to alleviate the amount of rapes occurring. As the country we can involve the processes of therapy and counselling. Convince the victims to share their stories to other people, so this could help the vulnerable ones to be aware of the future actions of the offenders. Bring more man on campaigns like Brothers for Life.

Deliver: The process by which you implement your design to complete the solution to the problem in 2 steps: Produce & Publish.

The nation of South Africa can create more TV stories, movies or series that will publish information about this issues. This will create more awareness on what South Africa is trying to deal with, thus this will perhaps make people to stand up and talk about this issue. All of the above solutions are implemented.

Debrief: This is where you review and analyse the process and identify areas for potential improvement.

Through applying these solutions, we will be more focused on both the victims and the offenders of this action. Our primary solution is to create more awareness on the problem and try to bring people closer and to redress it in a more adequate manner. We will also be more focused on the causes of these problems, what must be done and what have to be implemented. Rape affects victims both physically and mentally, it is important for a solution to be found for this issue as it has a colossal negative effect on the country as a whole.

Question 1: Digital Access and Divide

Q.1.1 A PowerPoint presentation aimed at the youth, discussing the core elements of Digital Citizenship and brief touch on the five (5) fluencies.

Q.1.2 The way digital divide impact on social capital, and the ramifications thereof.

1.2 The way digital divide impact on social capital, and the ramifications thereof:

Social capital is a form of economic and cultural capital in which social networks are central, transactions are marked by reciprocity, trust and cooperation, and market agents produce goods and services not mainly for themselves, but for a common good.

It impact the countries negatively with less resources of having wide variety of accessing technology and being able to use the internet for education purpose and for accessing information. Countries with less technology resources are affected negatively and this have impact to the youth mostly because we are the people who are constantly growing with the technology – ‘Youth’. 

The politicians are quick to show us the divide between the races and between the social classes in our country. Maybe the other divide is the digital one. In an age where every person seems to have smart phone, we forget that maybe for some it is just for show. We forget that in reality there are still numerous illiterate persons, especially older people who don’t see the need for being socially connected online.

This creates a divide in societies and in generations. It creates a group of connected people and disconnected people. The disconnected ones don’t know what the fuss is about and the connected ones are of the opinion that the others are missing out.

Having a barrier such as this, can create friction. A child growing up in a disconnected household or even the community will see the connection a friend has and be unhappy that he/she doesn’t have the same. Friend will have access to much more information for school projects and when he/she is doing job research one day.

There will be a breakdown in collaboration between the different sides due to this divide. Luckily this can be overcome, as soon as everyone learns to celebrate their differences and acknowledge that each of them can still make a contribution.

The ones who have can always help the ones who don’t have. We need to make sure that no member of our society is left behind and this lead to “Ubuntu- one love, one heart and one nation; together we are one”, whether they are disconnected by choice or circumstance.